UNIVAC

Transistor

• Replacement for vacuum tubes 
• smaller 
• lighter 
• Lower power dissipation 
• Solid State Device (SSD) 
• Made from Silicon (Sand) 
• Discovered in 1947 in Lab.Bell 
• William Shockley et al. 

Configuring the IBM 7094

Transistor Based Computers

• Second-generation machine
• NCR & RCA make small transistor machines
• IBM 7000DEC - 1957
• Created PDP-1  

Microelectronics

• Literally - "small electronics" 
• Gate is formed from a collection of computers, a collection of memory and interconnection 
• Can be made with semiconductor 
• Example: silicon wafer (silicon wafer)